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Asset Class History
20 Years of Asset Class Performance
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YTD 3 Years 5 Years 10 Years 20 Years
Commodity
16.09%
Commodity
12.65%
U.S. Stocks
9.42%
U.S. Stocks
12.56%
U.S. Stocks
9.80%
Currencies
8.99%
U.S. Stocks
7.66%
Commodity
6.44%
REITs
7.10%
REITs
9.42%
Managed Futures
7.10%
Managed Futures
5.84%

REITs
4.43%

Intl Stocks
5.16%
Intl Stocks
6.92%
Hedge Funds
-4.15%
Hedge Funds
5.63%
Hedge Funds
4.39%
Hedge Funds
4.66%
Hedge Funds
5.67%
Bonds
-13.01%
Currencies
4.87%
Currencies
4.28%
Currencies
3.15%
Currencies
2.88%
Intl Stocks
-14.01%
Intl Stocks
1.34%
Managed Futures 3.84% Managed Futures 2.30% Managed Futures
3.14%
U.S. Stocks
-18.11%
REITs
0.20%
Intl Stocks
2.03%
Emerg Mkts
1.81%
Emerg Mkts
3.10%
Emerg Mkts
-19.74%
Emerg Mkts
-2.34%
Bonds
0.02%
Bonds
1.06%
Bonds
3.10%
REITs
-24.95%
Bonds
-2.71%
Emerg Mkts
-1.03%
Commodity
-1.28%
Commodity
1.37%

Above data as of December 2022.


2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022
Emerg Mkts
56.28%
REITs
31.58%
Emerg Mkts
35.54%
REITs
35.06%
Emerg Mkts
39.82%
Managed Futures
14.09%
Emerg Mkts
79.02%
REITs
27.95%
REITs
8.28%
REITs
19.70%
U.S. Stocks 
32.39%
REITs
28.03%
Cur-
rencies
4.74%
U.S. Stocks
11.96%
Emerg Mkts
37.75%
Cur-
encies
4.55%
U.S. Stocks
31.49%
Emerg Mkts
18.69%
REITs
41.30%
Com-
modity
16.09%
Intl Stocks
39.17%
Emerg Mkts
25.95%
Com-
modity
21.36%
Emerg Mkts
32.55%
Com-
modity
16.23%
Bonds
5.24%
Intl Stocks
32.46%
Emerg Mkts
19.20%
Bonds
7.84%
Emerg Mkts
18.63%
Intl Stocks
23.29%
U.S. Stocks
13.69%
REITs
2.83%
Com-
modity
11.77%
Intl Stocks
25.62%
Bonds
0.01%
REITs
28.66%
U.S. Stocks
18.40%
U.S. Stocks
28.71%
Cur-
rencies
8.99%
REITs
37.13%
Intl Stocks
20.70%
Intl
Stocks
14.02%
Intl Stocks
26.86%
Intl
Stocks
11.63%
Cur-
rencies
3.50%
REITs
27.99%
Com-
modity
16.83%
Cur-
rencies
2.25%
Intl Stocks
17.90%
Hedge Funds
9.13%
Managed Futures
7.60%
U.S. Stocks
1.38%
Emerg Mkts
11.60%
U.S. Stocks
21.83%
Managed Futures
-3.17%
Intl Stocks
22.66%
Hedge Funds
11.61%
Com-
modity
27.11%
Managed
Futures
7.10%
U.S. Stocks 
28.68%
U.S. Stocks
10.88%
REITs
12.16%
U.S. Stocks
15.79%
Hedge
Funds
9.96%
Hedge
Funds
-19.03%
U.S. Stocks
26.46%
U.S.
Stocks
15.06%
U.S.
Stocks
2.11%
U.S. Stocks
16.00%
REITs
2.86%
Bonds
5.97%
Bonds
0.55%
REITs
8.63%
REITs
8.67%
U.S. Stocks
-4.38%
Emerg Mkts
18.90%
Intl Stocks
8.28%
Intl
Stocks
11.78%
Hedge
Funds
-4.15%
Com-
modity
23.93%
Com-
modity
9.15%
Hedge Funds 
9.30%
Hedge Funds
12.89%
Managed
Futures
7.66%
Com-
modity
-35.65%
Hedge Funds
19.98%
Hedge Funds
10.25%
Managed Futures
-3.10%
Hedge Funds 6.36% Cur-
rencies
0.87%
Hedge Funds
3.33%
Intl Stocks
-0.39%
Hedge Funds
5.51%
Hedge Funds
8.54%
REITs
-4.39%
Hedge Funds
10.35%
Bonds 
7.51%
Hedge
Funds
10.16%
Bonds 
-13.01%
Hedge
Funds
19.55%
Hedge
Funds
9.03%
U.S. Stocks  
4.91%
Bonds 4.33% Bonds
6.97%
U.S.
Stocks
-37.00%
Com- modity
18.91%
Intl Stocks
8.21%
Hedge Funds
-5.25%
Bonds 4.21% Managed
Futures
-1.14%
Cur- rencies
3.31%
Managed Futures
-0.91%
Bonds 
2.65%
Bonds
3.54%
Hedge Funds
-4.75%
Bonds
8.72%
Cur- 
rencies
3.77%
Managed
Futures
5.03%
Intl
Stocks
-14.01%
Cur-
rencies
11.08%
Bonds
4.34%
Bonds
2.43%
Managed Futures
3.55%
U.S. Stocks
5.49%
REITs
-37.73%
Bonds
5.93%
Managed Futures
7.03%
Intl Stocks
-11.73%
Cur-
rencies
1.71%
Bonds
-2.02%
Emerg Mkts
-1.82%
Hedge Funds
-1.02%
Cur-
rencies
1.73%
Com-
modity
1.70%
Com-
modity
-11.25%
Com-
modity
7.69%
Managed Futures
2.62%
Cur-
rencies
1.98%
U.S. Stocks
-18.11%
Managed
Futures
8.67%
Managed Futures
3.31%
Managed Futures 
1.71%
Com- modity
2.07%
Cur-rencies
2.59%
Intl Stocks
-43.06%
Cur-
rencies
0.91%
Bonds 
6.54%
Com- modity
-13.32%
Com-
modity
-1.06%
Emerg Mkts
-2.27%
Intl Stocks
-4.48%
Emerg Mkts
-14.60%
Intl-
Stocks
1.51%
Managed Futures
0.74%
Intl
Stocks
-13.36%
Managed
Futures
5.23%
Com-
modity
-3.12%
Bonds 
-1.54%
Emerg Mkts
-19.74%
Bonds
4.10%
Cur-rencies
2.36%
Cur-rencies
-1.21%
Cur- rencies
-0.12%
REITs
-15.69%
Emerg Mkts
-53.18%
Managed
Futures
-0.10%
Cur-
rencies
3.45%
Emerg Mkts
-18.17%
Managed
Futures
-1.10%
Com-
modity
-9.52%
Com- modity
-17.01%
Com- modity
-24.66%
Managed
Futures
-0.47%
Cur- rencies
0.15%
Emerg
Mkts
-14.25%
Cur- 
rencies
3.15%
REITs
-5.12%
Emerg Mkts
-2.22%
REITs
-24.95%
Past performance does not guarantee future returns. The table above displays calendar year index performance as representative proxies for asset classes (defined on the next page). Index returns assume reinvestment of dividends, but do not include fees. Indexes are not available for direct investment. Source: Index data, as publicly reported, compiled and calculated via Morningstar Direct. 

The History of Asset Classes
Definitions and Performance: 2003-2022
Asset Class
Proxy Index
Annualized Return
Std. Deviation
Index Description
U.S.
Stocks
S&P 500
Index
9.80% 14.76% Consisting of 500 U.S. equities, a common broad-based benchmark used to represent the domestic stock market.
Bonds Bbg Barclays
U.S. Aggregate
Bond Index
3.10% 3.88% A multi-category bond benchmark commonly used to represent broad-based fixed income exposure.
International Stocks MSCI EAFE
Index
6.92% 16.71% A broad benchmark to measure the performance of established international (non-U.S.) equity markets across Europe, Australia and Asia.
Emerging Markets MSCI Emerging Markets Index 9.09% 20.83% An index designed to measure equity market performance in global emerging markets of developing economic countries and regions.
REITs FTSE NAREIT
All Equity REITs
9.42% 21.53% Designed as a comprehensive real estate investment trust (REIT) index that spans the commercial real estate space across multiple investment and property sectors.
Commodity Bloomberg
Commodity Index
1.37% 16.43% Formerly the Dow Jones-UBS Commodity Index (before July 2014), composed of a broad array of futures contracts on physical commodities.
Managed Futures Barclay CTA
Index
3.14% 5.40% Net performance index of more than 500 managed programs (CTAs) designed to reflect the overall managed futures industry with regard to trading style and overall market exposure.
Currencies Barclay Currency
Traders Index
2.88% 3.17% An equal-weighted composite of managed programs that specifically trade currency futures/forwards in the global interbank market.
Hedge Funds HFRI Fund
Weighted
Composite Index
5.67% 6.24% Net performance index of more than 2000 monthly reporting hedge funds with at least $50 million or an active track record greater than twelve months.



Past performance does not guarantee future returns. Index returns assume reinvestment of dividends, but do not include fees. Indexes are not available for direct investment. Source: Index data, as publicly reported, compiled and calculated via Morningstar Direct. Standard Deviation is a statistical measurement of volatility based on historical returns. The indexes above are shown as common proxies for various asset classes, as described. Other indexes may exist to serve as alternate proxies for the asset classes. All investment methodologies have risks, both general and product-specific, including the risk of loss of principal. Alternative investments, such as hedge funds and managed futures, may have additional risks not typically associated with traditional asset classes. The information provided is intended to be general in nature, not specific to any investor profile, and should not be construed as investment advice. This information is subject to change at anytime, based on market volatility and other conditions, and should not be considered as a recommendation of any specific security. Always read the prospectus or offering memorandum before making any investment.

Content reviewed by an affiliate, Archer Distributors, LLC.

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